The human reproductive system is a collection of sex organs operating together in association with hormones, pheromones and other fluids for the purpose of reproduction. The female reproductive system is responsible for the production of egg cells along with the protection and nourishment of offspring till the time of birth. The male reproductive system has one function only- the production and deposition of sperm. Reproductive biology encompasses all aspects of the reproductive system, sexual development, sexual maturity, fertility, endocrinology and reproduction. The field of obstetrics and gynecology is concerned with the clinical aspects of pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period, and the health of the female reproductive system. Hormonal dysfunctions, infertility and anatomical reproductive disorders are treated under the sub-field of reproductive endocrinology and infertility. This book unravels the recent studies in the field of reproductive biology. The topics included herein are of utmost significance and bound to provide incredible insights to readers. They would gain knowledge that would broaden their perspective about reproductive biology.