Medical patients who have been diagnosed with chronic kidney disease or those undergoing chemotherapy may be prescribed Epogen at some stage of their illness. A large percentage of chronic kidney disease patients as well as patients dealing with chemotherapy will develop anemia during their illness and if their anemic condition becomes moderate or worse, Epogen will often be prescribed as to avert the need for red blood cell transplants. Epogen has been proven to stimulate bone marrow, causing it to increase its production of red blood cells.